Browsing by Title

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    A History of Tourism and Tourism Resources in Arba Minch and its Surroundings, Southern Ethiopia
    ( 2019-10-10) Temesgen Woza Wonbera
    This paper investigates “A History of Tourism and Tourism Resources in Arba Minch and its surroundings, Southern Ethiopia, from 1967 to 2008/9”. is conducting an inspection study accordingly to make vulnerable the gradation to which Arba Minch, similar throughout the manuscript and its surroundings, has overflowing tourist attraction sites. The area, Arba Minch, is a tourist destination in Ethiopia that has been acknowledged as having considerable potential for tourism development. This study extracts that the reason that no possible research work has been carried out in the area before, and because most of these attractions are not made public to domestic and foreign visitors exaggerated the development of tourism in the area. The paper also highlights the development of tourism in the study area, its problems, and solutions. It investigates the beginning of tourism in Arba Minch and its surrounding area and its historical development. Furthermore, this study attempts to show the distribution of tourism benefits in the area and also points out the major tourism-related problems and appropriate solutions. It also shows how the eviction of both Guji and Kore communities from their residence land in the Park affected their livelihoods. It recommends the safeguarding of valuable tourism resources in Arba Minch can be used as a source of income that would be generated by tourists visiting the destination. Due to its location in the Rift Valley Region, Arba Minch is a naturally exceptional area where many potential tourism sites are found. Fatefully, findings of this work unearth, such as other crucial tourism sites, Arba Minch and its surrounding barely managed to produce good income.
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    Artificial Intelligence : A Modern Approach
    ( 2010-08-14) Stuart Russell * Peter Norvig
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    DESIGN AND DEVELOP OPEN ACCCESS INSTUTIONAL REPOSTORY SYSTEM FOR JIKNA UNIVERESITY
    ( 2023-09-21) Mengistu Estifanos
    The rapid development in Information and communication technology (ICT) has broken barriers to information and open a new way for scholars in higher education institutions to communicate and disseminate their research findings. Design and development digital access of institutional repositories in Jinka University is used as an effort to capture research results produced by their scholars. However, there limited accesses on satisfaction of users towards institutional repositories in JKU and users’ satisfaction have not been developed. The aim of this project is to Design and develop digital access of institutional repositories that will explore the current manual usage of research studies in Jinka University using conceptual framework uses the MVC design pattern and it is the combination of HTML, CSS, JavaScript and PHP. MySQL. The study reviewed literature on open access institutional repository and user satisfaction. The results will fully support the effect of the quality antecedents ‘towards digital access of institutional repository system in Jinka University. The study will conclude and recommend that the university library and other stakeholders including the management of the university should promote the availability and accessibility of thesis and dissertations and related services to make the system better. Furthermore, In order to make the system more usable by users, design modification is a needed. Keywords: Open access, Institutional Repository, Jinka University
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    Diversity, Abundance and Habitat Association of Avifauna in Gibe Sheleko National Park, Southwestern Ethiopia
    ( 2019-10-10) Defar Elias ; Gutama Jira
    This study was conducted from August 2017 to March 2018. In this study, both Transect count and point count methods were used. The observation was conducted by walking along the study area early in the morning and late in the afternoon. The collected data was analyzed by using different diversity indices and statistical methods such as the Chi-square test and correlation. The study area was stratified based on the vegetation types in which, each vegetation type was used as a sampling site. In this study observation, a total of 91 bird species that grouped under 19 orders and 41 families were recorded. The highest species diversity and evenness were recorded in November with H‟=3.53 and E=0.836. Variation in the abundance of bird species was statistically significant between seasons and months. The mean score of the relative abundance for the wet season count varied between 8.85 and 17.26; for the dry season, it varied between 14.79 and 27.00 among different habitats. The highest rank (mean score) was recorded from the Riverine vegetation with a value of 17.26 and 27.00 during the wet and dry seasons respectively. However, the lowest rank (mean score) was recorded from bushland with a value of 8.85 and 14.79 for both seasons. Birds such as Hamerkop, Malchiteking fisher, and Abyssinian Long claw are endemic bird species to Ethiopia. Shifting cultivation, grazing and poaching were considered major threats to the avifaunal diversity in this area. Awareness training should be given to the local community on a continuous basis. Keywords: - Birds, diversity, Gibe Sheleko National Park, habitat association and relative abundance.
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    Documentery Video
    ( 2022-07-11) RCSV
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FGWN0K8VplM
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    Factors Affecting Loan Repayment Performance of Smallholder Farmers: The Case of Microfinance Institutions in Toke Kutaye District, West Shoa Zone Oromia Region, Ethiopia
    ( 2019-11-10) Dawit Dandano Jarso1
    The main purpose of this study was to identify factors determining the loan repayment performance of smallholder farmers, and evaluate the loan related performance of the microfinance institutions operating in Toke Kutaye district. Primary data was collected using structured and semi-structured questionnaires from 122 randomly selected smallholder farmer clients. Secondary data was obtained from annual reports and financial statements issued by microfinance institutions. The results of descriptive analysis revealed a significant mean difference between the defaulter and non-defaulter households in terms of total annual farm income, expenses on social ceremonies, livestock units, and distance from credit source. Although the repayment status in the study area was insignificant, there was a variation among institutions where the numbers of non-defaulters decline from Oromia Credit and the Saving Share Company, Vision Fund Microfinance and Eshet Microfinance successively along with ratio statistics result. The logit model revealed that age, education level, tropical livestock unit, participation on off-farm activities, repayment period suitability and gender was found to be positively significant whereas expense on social ceremonies, family size and loan diversion were found to have a negative impact on loan repayment performance of smallholder farmers. Hence, consideration of these factors is vital to enabling effective measures with the aim of improving loan repayment performance and helps to direct microfinance institutions, non-governmental organizations and policy-makers on where and how to channel efforts to minimize loan defaults in the study area. Key words: Binary logit; Loan repayment; Microfinance institution; Smallholder farmers
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    Factors Influencing the Adoption of Agent Banking in Selected Private Banks
    ( 2016-10-01) Molla, Tesfaye
    his study aim to see the factors that influence the adoption of agent banking in commercial banks of Ethiopia. The study tries to answer research questions such as Why do commercial banks venture into agent banking? What are the factors influences the adoption of agency banking? To answer the questions descriptive study used to analyze the data gathered from the selected private banks Dashen Bank, United Bank and Lion International Bank. The study uses different theories which have relation to the adoption of agent banking like innovation theory, agency theory and porter's competitive theory. Based on this a research frame work developed by identifying the factors as independent variable and adoption of agent banking as dependent variable. The factors identified are technology, demography, competition, regulation, consumer behavior and untapped market. The study identifies that the factors have great influence on commercial banks to adopt agent banking since agent banking has benefit for the banks and the customers in reducing costs. Moreover, agent banking helps the banks to be competitive, widen their customer base, and enable them accessible to reach the unbanked population. The study recommends banks have to conduct technology based competition to widen their customer base by reaching the unbanked society which is the huge untapped opportunity. The regulatory body also has to see the regulation from time to time to control the risk associated with the product and revise points which might have restriction on the process. Keywords: Adoption of Agent Banking, unbanked population, regulatory body
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    Feminization of Multidimensional Urban Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from Selected Countries
    ( 2019-10-10) Amlaksetegn Zenebe, Jibril Haji, Badassa Wolteji
    The main purpose of this study was to examine the feminization of poverty in urban areas of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The paper used Alkire Foster‟s multidimensional poverty approach and compared the well-being of female-headed households with their male-headed counterparts from a multidimensional perspective. The study utilized data compiled from demographic and health surveys (DHS) of selected SSA countries, namely; Ethiopia, Malawi, Rwanda, and Tanzania, and the World Development Indicators database. It applied a multilevel fixed-effect logistic regression model to analyze the effect of household and country-level variables on the incidence of poverty in two different household structures separately. The study found that female-headed households were poorer than male-headed households. The study also found that access to finance, age of the household head, household size, and household head education level had statistically significant associations with the multidimensional urban poverty status. Moreover, expenditure on primary school and healthcare had a significant effect on the multidimensional well-being of the households. The effect of these variables was different for the two household structures. Therefore, anti-poverty policies and programs should be targeted in a way to mitigate differences in household characteristics in favor of female-headed households.
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    Research Profile of JKU staffs Database
    ( 2020-11-10) Vice President for Research, Community Service, Jinka University
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    Species Composition, Relative Abundance, Distribution and Threats of Vascular Plants in Wondo Genet Catchment, South Central Ethiopia
    (Aragaw Fatuma, 2020-02-21) Fatuma Aragaw1
    The floristic compositions of Wondo Genet catchment between altitudes 1856 to 2165m a.s.l are described in this study. Sample plots of 20m x 5m were used for tree species, stump tree, livestock dung, and 2m x 5m for shrubs and 0.5m x 2m for herbaceous species, rock percent cover and percent bare soil. A total of 33 sample plots were analyzed. A total of 145 species of vascular plants representing 77 families were recorded. R-software procedure followed to classify the vegetation data, four clusters were recognized and designated as local plant community types. Each type was given names after one or two dominating species. Comparison of Wondo Genet catchment with similar Afromontane forests of Ethiopia indicates that the Wondo Genet catchment is similar to the montane forests of the Wondo Genet College of Forestry and Natural Resource (Mamo Kebede et al., 2013). There was significant negative relation between species richness (R2=0.02, p=0.001) and abundance (R2=0.05, p=0.019) with elevation. Whereas there was a significant negative relation between both species‟ richness (R2=0.01, p=0.001) and abundance (R2=0.06, p=0.03) with slope. Threats such as livestock grazing, rock percent cover, bare soil are adversely affecting the plant diversity.
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    The Determinants of Export in Ethiopia, an Auto Regressive Distributive Lag Bound Test Approach
    ( 2019-10-10) Israel Bereket
    This paper identifies some of the main determinants of export in Ethiopia for the period 1977-2016 G.C. Also the paper tries to include new variables such as the export diversification index and financial development as determinants that have not been previously considered. Moreover, the study used a bound test approach which has not been used in previous research in this area. To test empirically the relationship between export performance and its major selected determinants such as real gross domestic product, real effective exchange rates, financial development, export diversification index, terms of trade, total investment, trade openness, and major trade partner GDP per capita i.e. China. The bound testing approach of the co-integration and error correction model, within the Auto Regressive Distributive Lag Model framework, is developed. The estimated results show that all explanatory variables listed above significantly affect the export performance both in the short-run and long-run except for financial development and export diversification index. With the sign of coefficients, all determinates variable sign is consistent with economic theories. Finally, the finding indicates that policymakers should give emphasis on the determinants factor of export. Measures must also be taken to reduce the constraints deterring the performance of the export sector through diversifying and promoting exports by boosting domestic capital for exports, serving to transfer technology, developing new products for export, making access to new and large foreign markets easier, and improving technical and management skills and lowering barriers to the firm‟s entry and reducing international trade costs.
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    Vulnerability of Smallholder Farmers to Climate Change and Adaptation Practices in South Ari Woreda, South Omo Zone
    ( 2019-10-10) Kassahun Yemane
    Climate change affects all countries, but disproportionately affects poor people with less adaptive capacity. Hence, adaptation plays a great role in alleviating climate impact. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to examine the vulnerability of smallholder farmers to climate change in the South Ari woreda. The study sought to analyze climate variability over the past 33 years, to assess current vulnerability and to evaluate adaptation practices implemented in the woreda. To gather reliable data, five kebeles were selected from the woreda using simple random sampling techniques. 363 household heads were selected using a systematic sampling method. Besides, primary data was collected from FGDs, key informants and through field observations. Trend analysis and the chi-square test were used to analyze quantitative data, and qualitative data was analyzed by categorizing data into themes. The linear trend analysis shows an increasing trend of rainfall and temperature in the study area. Integrated vulnerability analysis approach results show that the three sub-agro ecology zones of the woreda are vulnerable to climate variability in different ways. Although it is not enough to reduce their vulnerability, about 26% of household heads tried to implement some climate change adaptation. The chi-square test result shows that age, level of education, income diversity, number of contacts with developmental agents and access to climate information have a significant relation with the implementation of adaptation practices in the study area. Hence, implementation of adaptation practices must be enhanced by the concerned body to reduce vulnerability of the community to climate change and climate variability.